Systems ecology

Systems ecology is an interdisciplinary field of ecology, a subset of Earth system science, that takes a holistic approach to the study of ecological systems, especially ecosystems. Systems ecology can be seen as an application of general systems theory to ecology. Central to the systems ecology approach is the idea that an ecosystem is a complex system exhibiting emergent properties.

Extends: [Systems ecology](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Systems ecology), [Environmental science](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Environmental science), [Environmental social science](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Environmental social science), [Formal sciences](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Formal sciences), [Systems theory](https://wikipedia.org.ai/Systems theory)